这里,我们将自上而下设计用户界面,从在平板设备上显示的用户界面核心组件Activity类,到在Activity类的实例内创建的Fragment对象。
在使用可视化工具编辑布局文件把线框转换成指定用户界面的XML代码之前,需要先迈出关键的一步:因为Fragment类总是包含子类,在通过Fragment布局之前需要先创建这些类。
对于前文所提到的线框,我们需要创建三个Fragment子类:
·ContentFragment
·DetailFragment
·QueryResultsListFragment
在Fragment子类中的很多生命周期回调是为了便于日志记录,提供简单的Fragment对象生命周期可视化,并且支持使用代码骨架方法构建基于应用的代码。以下是QueryResultsListFragment类的源代码。
在这段代码中:
② 包含日志代码的生命周期方法。
① onCreateView的实现,它对布局进行扩展并调用attachAdapter方法。
③ 私有方法attachAdapter,支持该片段的列表显示一些测试数据。
④ OnItemClickListener接口的实现,它响应用户交互,在这个例子中,即执行一些简单的代码,把一些测试数据发送给屏幕右侧栏的Fragment对象,或者如果屏幕太小无法显示两个片段,就执行后续的活动。注意这里没有给出该判断的代码。
package com.finchframework.uiframework;import android.app.Activity;import android.app.Fragment;import android.content.res.Configuration;import android.os.Bundle;import android.util.Log;import android.view.LayoutInflater;import android.view.Menu;import android.view.MenuInflater;import android.view.View;import android.view.ViewGroup;import android.widget.AdapterView;import android.widget.AdapterView.OnItemClickListener;import android.widget.ArrayAdapter;import android.widget.ListView;public class QueryResultsListFragment extends Fragment implements OnItemClickListener{ // String for logging the class name private final String TAG = getClass.getSimpleName; // Turn logging on or off private final boolean L = true; public void onAttach(Activity activity) { super.onAttach(activity); // Notification that the fragment is associated with an Activity if (L) Log.i(TAG, /"onAttach /" + activity.getClass.getSimpleName); } public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) { super.onCreate(savedInstanceState); // Tell the system we have an options menu this.setHasOptionsMenu(true); if (null != savedInstanceState) restoreState(savedInstanceState); // Notification that if (L) Log.i(TAG, /"onCreate/"); } // Factor this out of methods that get saved state private void restoreState(Bundle savedInstanceState) { // TODO Auto-generated method stub } @Override public View onCreateView(LayoutInflater inflater, ViewGroup container, Bundle savedInstanceState) {① final ListView list = (ListView) inflater.inflate( R.layout.list_frag_list, container, false); if (L) Log.i(TAG, /"onCreateView/"); attachAdapter(list); list.setOnItemClickListener(this); return list; } public void onStart {② super.onStart; if (L) Log.i(TAG, /"onStart/"); } public void onresume { super.onResume; if (L) Log.i(TAG, /"onResume/"); } public void onPause { super.onPause; if (L) Log.i(TAG, /"onPause/"); } public void onStop { super.onStop; if (L) Log.i(TAG, /"onStop/"); } public void onDestroyView { super.onDestroyView; if (L) Log.i(TAG, /"onDestroyView/"); } public void onDestroy { super.onDestroy; if (L) Log.i(TAG, /"onDestroy/"); } public void onDetach { super.onDetach; if (L) Log.i(TAG, /"onDetach/"); } // //////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////// // Minor lifecycle methods // //////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////// public void onActivityCreated { // Notification that the containing activiy and its View hierarchy exist if (L) Log.i(TAG, /"onActivityCreated/"); } // ////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////// // Overrides of the implementations ComponentCallbacks methods in Fragment // ////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////// @Override public void onConfigurationChanged(Configuration newConfiguration) { super.onConfigurationChanged(newConfiguration); // This won/'t happen unless we declare changes we handle in the manifest if (L) Log.i(TAG, /"onConfigurationChanged/"); } @Override public void onLowMemory { // No guarantee this is called before or after other callbacks if (L) Log.i(TAG, /"onLowMemory/"); } ///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////// // Menu handling code ///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////// public void onCreateOptionsMenu(Menu menu, MenuInflater inflater) { inflater.inflate(R.menu.search_menu, menu); } // ////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////// // App-specific code // ////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////// /** * Attach an adapter that loads the data to the specified list * @param list */ private void attachAdapter(final ListView list) {③ // Make a trivial adapter that loads an array of strings ArrayAdapter<String> numbers = new ArrayAdapter<String>( list.getContext.getApplicationContext, android.R.layout.simple_list_item_1, new String { /"one/", /"two/", /"three/", /"four/", /"five/", /"six/" }); // tell the list to use it list.setAdapter(numbers); // l.setOnItemClickListener(this); } // ////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////// // Implementation of the OnItemClickListener interface // ////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////// @Override public void onItemClick(AdapterView<?> arg0, View view, int position, long id) {④ // As an example of sending data to our fragments, we will create a bundle // with an int and a string, based on which view was clicked Bundle b = new Bundle; int ordinal = position + 1; b.putInt(/"place/", ordinal); b.putString(/"placeName/", Integer.toString(ordinal)); TabManager.loadTabFragments(getActivity, b); }}
Fragment子类需要做的就是通过onCreateView方法返回一个View对象。因此,我们也会为每个Fragment类定义一个简单的布局,可以加载并返回结果View层次。